Furnace.



No. 659,460. Patented Oct. 9, I900. H. TILDEN.

FURNACE.

(Applicatioi: filed Oct. 23, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

HEN RY Tl LDEN |-ll$ ATTORNEY S nw EN T 0 R m: norms PETER-5 c0, mmaumo. vusmmmm. n. c.

No. 659,400. Patented 00:. 9,1900,

H. TILDEN.

FURNACE.

(Application filed Oct. 28, 1899.) (No Model.) I 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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HENRY TILDEN, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA;

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 659,460, dated October 9, 1900.

Application filed October 23, 1899. $erial No. 734,449. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY 'TILDEN, of the city ofMinnea-polis,county of Hennepin State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to furnaces forheating houses; and the invention relates particularly to combination hot-air and hot-water heaters or furnaces.

One object of the invention is to provide furnace of low cost and great heating capacity and one which may be taken down or set up or repaired more readily than furnaces of common construction and arrangement of parts.

A particular object of the invention is to provide a furnace divided into vertical sections, a greater-or less number of which may be used in making furnaces of large or small size, according to the requirements for heating.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combined water-heater and fire-pot made in sections, the number of which may be varied according to the size of the furnace to be made.

The invention consists generally in aheater or furnace of the construction and combination of parts, all as hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of this specification, and in which Figure l is a vertical section of a furnace embodying my invention, the section being upon the line 00 m of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the furnace with the hot-air drum re-' moved. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 11 y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a perspective View of one of the sections or segments of the furnace. 5 is a similar perspective view showing the back of one of the sections. Fig. 6 is a detail view showing themanner of joining the edges of the sections or segments. Fig. 7 is a sectional view thereof on the line z of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a vertical section of one of the fire-pot sections. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section thereof.

As shown in the drawings, 2 represents the base of the furnace, having a flat top 3 and a removable front plate 4, and having an opening covered by the ash-pit door. A grate 5 is provided in the upper part of the base, sup ported upon ribs or ledges 6, whereon the grate is slidable and may be removed from the base by taking off the plate 4. The rear end of the base 2 is preferably semicircular and on its top is provided with an annular rib 5, within which the ring or base of the firepot section 8 rests. The fire-pot is made up of several sections each independent of the other and of a given size, three or more being placed together, according to the size of the fire-pot required, which is fixed by the dimensions of the base of the furnace alone. The fire-pot sections, as shown in Figs. 1, 8, and 9, are provided with substantially-horizontal Water-channels 9, communicating one with the other, and the water being admitted to the lower space or channel is heated and rising through each succeeding channel to the top of the fire-pot flows out from the upper space or channel.

The water-channels are made by sand-cores in casting a section, and the core-hole in the ends of the sections are closed by a plug 10 after the sand has been removed. I prefer to form the channel 7 by partitions 11 within the sections 8, said partitions overlapping one another, narrow openings being provided between the ends of the partition to restrict to a certain extent the flow of the water up through the sections. The upper part or firecharnber of the furnace is formed of a series of vertical sect-ions 12, there being preferablythe same number ofsections to the firechamber as there are to the fire-pot, and the fire-chamber sections rest upon ledges l3,provided on the outer surface of the fire-pot sections, and when bolted together hold the firepot sections in place. The middle portions of the vertical sections 12 are turned inwardly, leaving flanges 13, Whose edges are turned out, and provided with a series of holes to receive bolts 14, by which the abutting edges of said sections are firmly bolted to plates 15, as shown in Fig. 7. The flanges 13 at the bottom of the sections are provided with lugs 16, and bolts 17, passing through said lugs, serve to hold plates 18 firmly in position over the V-shaped opening formed at the intersection of the flanges 13 and prevent the cold air from passing up and over the top ofthe fire-pot to the tire. The joints between the sections are packed in any suitable manner to render the same gas-tight. The inwardly-projected middle portions of the sections 12 are divided vertically into a series of parts or sections arranged in the form of inverted steps, with each section or part overhanging the one below it and all of them gradually decreasing in width from the bottom toward the top. This construction of the fire'ehamber sections causes the interior to assume a conical form, gradually decreasing in diameter from the bottom toward the top, while the space between the firechamber and the outer casing of the furnace increases from the bottom up, thus permitting the air to expand as it becomes heated and rises to the top of the furnace. On the outside of the fire-chamber section I prefer to arrange a series of horizontally-projecting spines 19, which gradually increase in length from the bottom up as the air-space increases, and at intervals between said spines I prefer to arrange a series of deflectors 20, the alternate ends of said deflectors being cut away to compel the air to pass slowly between the spines and back and forth from one side of the section to the other as it rises to the top of the furnace. Surrounding the fire-chamber and inclosing the air-space above described I prefer to provide a covering 21, preferably of wire-cloth, through which the outer ends of the bolts 14 pass, and nuts on the ends of said bolts hold the covering firmly in position, though permitting its removal. This wire-cloth is designed to receive a coating 22, preferably of asbestos cement, to retain the heat within the air-ducts, the whole being inclosed within a brick wall 23. A colds air duct or passage 24 leads from the outer air to aspace 25 around the base and fires pot and wherein the air is subjected to a pre-. liminary heating before ascending into the flues in the backs of the vertical fire-chamber sections. A smoke-outlet 26 is provided in one of the vertical sections, over which abox 27 is arranged, which box is preferably cast separate and bolted onto the section and is open only at the top to compel the smoke and products of combustion to ascend to the top of the fire-chamber and enter the open upper end of the diving-flue before reaching the smoke-outlet. A horizontal pipe 28 leads from the smoke-outlet in the fire-chamber through the wall of the furnace and is pro? vided at its outer end with a door or damper 29 and is connected with the chimney by a I pipe 30 and with the ash-pit by a pipe 31,

into which the dust is drawn during the shaking of the grate or at other times through an opening 2 in the rear wall of the base.

i The front section of the fire-chamber is provided with an opening near its lower end at a convenient distance above the fire-pot,wherein the fuel-door casing 33 is inserted. On the top of the fire-chamber I arrange a plate or cover 34, held in position by any suitable means, such as bolts passing through the shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

. tions.

cover and through lugs 35, provided at the top of the fire-chamber sections. This plate 34 has a hole 34, that is closed by a heavy lid 34", which in case of an explosion of gas within the fire-chamber will be blown off, preventing damage to the furnace. Above the firechamber I provide a warm-air expansionchamber inclosed and covered by the top 35 of the furnace, said top resting upon the brick wall 23 and provided in its sides with openings leading through a series of pipes to the different rooms to be heated. Within the warm-air expansion-chamber, resting upon the top of t le fire-chamber, I provide a preferably-circular water reservoir or distributer 36, from which a series of pipes 37 radiate to the hot-water radiators. A series of pipes 38 (in the present case four are shown) lead from the reservoir 36 down through the V- shaped openings between the sections of the fire-chamberand are connected to the openings provided in the tops of the fire-pot sections, and as the interior of each fire-pot section is independent of all the others its connection with the hot-water reservoir is consequently independent, and should one section of the pipe connected therewith be out of order or the radiator shut off it may be cut out of the system without rendering the entire heater unfit for service. In order that the heating-surface of the hot-water pipes may be increased, I prefer to loop the pipes 38 over the top of each fire-pot section, and I may also provide the pipes 39and 40 within the V-shaped openings through which the water may flow as it ascends from the fire-pot to the hot-water reservoir. Each vertical loop is smaller than the preceding one, and the series of loops preferably extend out at an angle from the vertical recesses or Vs, as In connection wit-h my improved heater I preferio provide means for conducting the Water back to the heater from the radiator, and for this purpose I provide reservoirs 4], connected by a series of pipes with the return-valves of the radiator and also connected by pipes 42 with the respective sections of the fire-pot.

It will be noted that my improved heater is extremely simple in construction, having but two parts and these readily accessible. At the base is the only-fixed part of the heater or the part that I make in dilierent sizes, ac-

cording tothecapacity required of the heater. The other parts, such as the fire-pot and firechamber, being sectional in form may be readily adapted to heaters of different capacity by increasing or decreasing, the number of sec- It will also be noted that, if preferred, partitions maybe provided within the warmair expansion-chamber, dividing said chamber into compartments, each compartment communicating with one of the spaces around the fire-chamber and with the pipes leading to a room to be heated, thus preventing a greater part of the heat from the furnace from passing up to one room or one section of the house, as frequently happens with hotair furnaces. V

The sections of the fire-pot being the same size may all be cast from one pattern, Whether for use in a large or small furnace, and it is necessary to provide but one pattern for the fire-chamber sections, suitable provision being made for casting the front sections with an opening for the fuel-door casing and the rear section with a box or deflector, which causes the smoke and products of combustion to ascend to the top of the fire-chamber before entering the diving-fine chimney. The cold air entering the duct at the bottom of the furnace fiowsinto the space surrounding the base and fire-pot and becoming heated rises up through the fines outside the firechamber and coming in contact with the deflectors is compelled to pass from side to side and as it slowly ascends is thoroughly heated from the walls of the fire-chamber. As the air ascends and becomes warmer the fines spread out, permitting the expansion of the air, and the spines and deflectors becoming larger and longer present a greater heatingsurface to the air until it is finally discharged from the top of the fines into the air-chamber and from thence is piped through the house. At the same time water is flowing into the sections at the base of the fire-pot and circulating through the water-channels therein becomes thoroughly heated and ascending to the top of the fire-pot flows upward through the hot-water pipes around the fire-chamber to the hot-water reservoir or holder supported upon the same and from thence passes through a series of pipes to the hot-water radiators.

The construction of furnace described above permits practically all the heat from the burning fuel to be utilized and renders the furnace capable of producing the best results with a minimum amount of coal.

I am aware that in many ways the construction that I have shown and described maybe varied, and I therefore do not wish to be confined to the details as herein set forth.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a furnace, the combination, with a base and grate, of a fi re-pot supported thereon, said fire-pot being com posed of several independent vertical Water-heating sections,and a sectional fire-chamber, the sections of which correspond to the fire-pot sections and each section of said chamber being provided with an air-heating flue,substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, the combination, with a base and grate, ofa fire-pot supported thereon, said tire-pot being composed of independent vertical sections, each sect-ion being provided with a series of horizontal water channels or passages, and a sectional fire chamber or dome, each,section of which corresponds to the fire-pot sections, respectively, and is provided with an air-heating flue containing several baflies, substantially as described.

3. The combination,with the base and grate, of a fire-pot supported upon said base, said fire-pot being composed of independent vertical sections, each section being provided in its interior with a series of water channels or passages, of a series of return water-reservoirs, pipes leading therefrom to the returnvalves of the radiator, pipes leading from said return-reservoirs into said water-channels near the lower ends of said sections, a hotwater holder or reservoir, pipes leading therefrom to the radiators, and independent pipes leading from said reservoir and com mnnicating with said water-channels near the tops of said sections, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a base and grate, of a fire-pot supported upon said base, said fire-pot being composed of vertical independent sections, having ledges l7 and a sectional fire-chamber supported by the ledges 17 of said fire-pot and by which sectional fire-chamber said fire-pot sections are held together, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a base and grate,

of a fire-pot supported thereon, and composed of independent verticalsections, a fire-chamber supported upon said fire-pot and whereby said sections are held together, and said fire-chamber being composed of independent vertical sections, which being fastened together hold the fire-pot sections in place, substantially as described.

6. A fire-pot composed of independent vertical sections, each including within its walls a series of water channels or passages, independent water inlet pipes communicating with said channels near the bottoms of the respective sections and connected with the radiator return-pipes, a sectional fire chamber or dome supported upon said tire-pot, independent water-pipes in said chamber leading from said fire-pot sections, respectively, and a distributing chamber or reservoir communicating with the water-pipes in said chamber and with radiator-supply pipes, substantially as described.

7. In a furnace, a fire-chamber, composed of independent vertical sections, said sections havinginwardly-turned middle portionsleaving V-shaped vertical recesses or openings between the sections and vertical flues between the outwardly-turned edges of each section, a cold-air duct communicating with the lower ends of said fines, means for closing the bottoms of said V-shaped recesses or openings, and means for securing the abutting edges of said sections-together, substantially as described.

8. In a furnace, the combination, with a base, of a fire-pot supported thereon, said firepot being composed of independent vertical the bottom of the fire-pot, a fire-chamber composed'of a series of independent vertical sections supported above said fire-pot, the middle portions of said sections being inwardly turned leaving V-shaped openings, a hotwater reservoir supported above said firechamber and hot-water pipes arranged within said V-shaped recesses and communicating with said reservoir and the water-channels in the top of said fire-pot, substantially as described.

9. In a furnace, the combination, with a base, fire'pot and grate,-of the fire chamber or dome composed of vertical sections having inwardly-projecting middle portions forming vertical air-heatin g fines in the backs thereof, and a surrounding wallor casing, substantially as described.

10. In a furnace, the combination, with a base, fire-pot and grate, of the fire chamber or dome composed of vertical sections, vertical air-heating flues provided in the backs of said sections, a cover for said fire pot or dome having a hole or opening 34. and a lid 34 for covering said hole, for the purpose specified.

11. The combination, with the base, of the fire-pot, fire-chamber and casing, said firepot comprising several vertical cast-iron sections, each containing a zigzag water-heating channel, pipes independently connecting the channels of the different sections with a suitable heater, wherefrom the hot water is conducted to the radiator, said fire-chamber being composed of vertical sections having their edges joined and their sections when fastened together holding the sections of the fire-pot in place, and suitable air-heating ducts formed between said fire-chamber sections and said casing, substantially as described.

12. The combination, with the base, of the sectional fire-pot resting thereon, and provided with water-heating channels, the firechambercomposed of vertical sections resting upon said fire-pot, holding the parts thereof in place, the water-pipes leading from said fire-pot sections upward within said firechamber, and the expanding air-heatin g flues formed upon the exterior of said fire'chamber sections, substantially as described.

13. The combination, with the base, fire-pot and grate, of the fire chamber or dome composed of vertical sections having inwardlyprojecting middle portions, a suitable casing between which and said sections air-heating fines are formed, and the baflie-plates projecting from said sections, substantially as described.

14. The combination, with the base, fire-pot and grate, of the fire chamber or dome composed of vertical sections having inwardlyprojecting middle portions, a suitable casing between which and said sections air-heating fines are formed, and the baffle-plates and spines projecting from said sections and integral therewith, substantially as described. 15. The combination, with the base, fire-pot and grate, of the fire-chamber composed of vertical sectionsand verging at the top, and having inwardly-projecting middle portions, the casing surrounding said sections and secured to the edges of the sections, whereby air-heating flues are formed upon the backs of said sections, substantially as described.

16. The combination, with the base, fire-pot and grate, of the fire-chamber composed of vertical sections and verging at the top, and having inwardly-projecting middle portions, the casing surrounding said sections, whereby air heating flues are formed upon the backs of said sections, and the baifies projecting into said flues and integral with said sections, said bafiies also serving to hold said casing, substantially as described.

l7. The combination, with the base and grate, of the water-heating fire-pot, provided with a plurality of water-channels, the fire chamber or dome upon said fire-pot, the airheating flues upon the exterior of said dome, the casing forming the outer Walls of said flues, the water-pipes extending upwardly from the water-channels in said fire-pot, and the auxiliary water-pipes 39 and 40, substantially as described.

18. The combination, with the base and fire-pot, of the fire chamber or dome comprising several vertical sections having in wardly-projecting middle portions whereby recesses or passages are formed in the walls of the fire-chamber, and the plates provided at the lower ends of said sections, closing the bottoms of said recesses, substantially as described.

19. The combination, with the base,and the fire-pot, of the fire chamber or dome comprising the vertical cast sections having their edges secured together, the middle portions of said sections being projected inwardly and comprising steps, as described.

20. The combination, with the base and the fire-pot, of the fire chamber or dome, comprising the vertical cast sections having their edges secured together, the middle portions of said sections being projected inwardly and comprising steps, and the inner faces of said sections being plane surfaces, substantially as described.

21. The combination, with the base, of the sectional water-heating fire-pot thereon, the sectional fire chamber or dome upon said firepot and holding the parts thereof in place, the sections of the fire chamber or dome having vertically and horizontally extending flanges and bafiles, and the casing, completing flues upon said dome-sections when secured about said flanges and the baflles,.substantially as described.

22. The combination, with the base, of the sectional water-heating fire-pot thereon, the sectional fire chamber or dome upon said firepot and holding the parts thereof in place,

the sectionsof the fire chamber or dome having vertically and horizontally extending flanges and bafiies, and the casing surrounding said dome-sections when secured about the bottoms of the respective sections, a water-reservoir and independent pipes within the fire-chamber, connecting the tops of the respective sections with said reservoir, substantially as described.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of October, 1899.

HENRY TILDEN. In presence of RICHARD PAUL, M. O. NOONAN. 

